What Is A Labor And Delivery Nurse? | NurseJournal.org (2024)

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What Is A Labor And Delivery Nurse? | NurseJournal.org (10)

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Updated August 1, 2023

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  • Career Overview
  • Work Settings
  • L&D Nurse vs. Certified Nurse Midwife
  • How to Become
  • Salary
  • FAQ

Learn about labor and delivery nurse jobs and salaries and how to become a labor and delivery nurse.

What Is A Labor And Delivery Nurse? | NurseJournal.org (11)

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A labor and delivery (L&D) nurse supports patients during and after birth under the supervision of a nurse midwife or physician. They also care for infants immediately after delivery. These registered nurses (RNs) often work in birthing centers, delivery rooms, and hospital maternity units.

Labor and delivery nurses must have excellent communication, assessment, and teaching skills. They excel in providing supportive services to help new parents navigate the birthing process. Learn more about how to become an L&D nurse, what they do, and where they work.

How Long to Become:
2-4 years

Job Outlook:
6% growth from 2021-2031

Average Annual Salary:
$70,040

What Does a Labor and Delivery Nurse Do?

Diploma, ADN, or BSN Required

Certification Recommended

An L&D nurse closely monitors the condition of patients during every step of labor and birth, providing intervention when needed. These nurses care for the newborn during the postpartum period (i.e., immediately after birth). Labor and delivery nurses also administer medication, closely monitor vital signs, and educate patients and their spouses/partners and other family members.

The L&D unit is faced-paced, and nurses must respond to obstetric emergencies when they occur. The labor and delivery environment combines emergency nursing, critical care, surgical (if the patient requires a c-section), and recovery. This environment can be very exciting and challenging to work in as a nurse.

What Is A Labor And Delivery Nurse? | NurseJournal.org (13)

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Key Responsibilities

  • Care for the patient and infant throughout labor, birth, and immediate postpartum phase
  • Provide psychological and emotional support
  • Monitor the patient and newborn’s condition and escalate treatment as necessary

Career Traits

  • Empathy
  • Communication with patients and other caregivers
  • Ability to make quick decisions

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Where Do Labor and Delivery Nurses Work?

Labor and delivery nurses typically work in acute care centers on maternity units, in delivery rooms, and in birthing centers. They can also assist patients during home births.

Delivery Room

Assisting and encouraging the patient, monitoring labor progress, calling in specialists or otherwise escalating care as needed.

Maternity Ward

Tending to patients and newborns, monitoring vital signs, and educating families on infant care.

Birthing Center

Assisting during labor and postpartum, monitoring progress and vital signs, referring to hospital care if needed, caring for the newborn and patient during the initial postpartum period.

What Is the Difference Between an L&D Nurse and a Certified Nurse Midwife?

L&D nurses and nurse midwives are RNs, but a nurse midwife has more advanced training and certification. Nurse midwives may also work with patients throughout pregnancy—not just labor and delivery.

Labor and Delivery Nurse

  • Works with one patient in active labor at a time
  • Cares for patient throughout the birthing process
  • Has RN license
  • Carries out nurse midwife’s or physician’s orders, such as inducing labor

Certified Nurse Midwife

  • May work with multiple patients at once during labor
  • May care for patients throughout pregnancy
  • Has RN license, nurse midwife certification, and master of science in nursing (MSN) or doctor of nursing practice (DNP)
  • Makes critical decisions

How to Become a Labor and Delivery Nurse

The minimum requirement to become a labor and delivery nurse is an associate’s degree in nursing (ADN) or a bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) and an RN license, including a passing score on the NCLEX exam.

Experience in the obstetrics field and certification in obstetric nursing (RNC-OB) gives nurse candidates a competitive edge in the job market. Employers often require L&D nurses to get certification in neonatal resuscitation.

How Much Do Labor and Delivery Nurses Make?

The average salary for labor and delivery nurses is $70,040 as of December 2022, according to Payscale. Payscale also reports that the average base salary for RNC-OB certified nurses is $84K annually.

Many factors influence labor and delivery nurses’ salaries, including their geographic area, level of education, experience level, and whether they are RNC-OB certified.

The job outlook for L&D nurses is good. The BLS projects a 6% growth rate for all RNs in 2021-2031, which is about as fast as average.

Frequently Asked Questions About Labor and Delivery Nurses

How long does it take to become a labor and delivery nurse?

It takes at least two years to earn an ADN plus the required certifications to become a L&D nurse. However, acquiring a four-year BSN leads to higher salaries and more opportunities for advancement.

What can you do as a labor and delivery nurse?

As an L&D nurse, you can work in a hospital, birthing center, or other healthcare setting assisting patients giving birth and caring for newborns. You can also use the position as a stepping-stone to a nurse midwife position, which entails more responsibility and higher compensation.

What career advancement opportunities are available for labor and delivery nurses?

Advancement opportunities for labor and delivery nurses include becoming a nurse midwife or pursuing certification in inpatient obstetric care. Nurse midwives can supervise other L&D nurses and have sole medical oversight over a birth.

What is the difference between a labor and delivery nurse and a neonatal nurse?

A neonatal nurse‘s primary responsibility is care for newborns with various health problems. An L&D nurse’s primary responsibility is assisting the patient through delivery and labor and initial care of the infant. For births without complications, the L&D nurse may care for both the patient and infant until their release from the hospital.

Resources for Labor and Delivery Nurses

Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses

AWHONN serves nurses through advocacy, networking, and offering professional continuing education, including courses for L&D nurses such as fetal heart monitoring. Membership is open to nurses and any other interested parties, but only RNs can vote or hold office.

American College of Nurse-Midwives

ACNM provides professional education for certified nurse midwives and certified midwives and advocates for the profession. Certified midwives and nurse midwives can be full members, but others can join as nonvoting members.

National Association of Neonatal Nurses

NANN develops and delivers continuing education and development (including an annual conference), publishes a journal and newsletters, and offers fellowships. Membership is open to nursing students as well as RNs.

Nurse Practitioners in Women’s Health

The NPWH provides continuing professional education, conducts research, and advocates for policies that advance both women’s health and nurse practitioners. The majority of members are practitioners, but there are membership categories for other women’s health specialists and students.


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What Is A Labor And Delivery Nurse? | NurseJournal.org (2024)

FAQs

What Is A Labor And Delivery Nurse? | NurseJournal.org? ›

Labor and delivery nurses have specialized clinical duties such as monitoring fetal heart tones, identifying risks for pregnant individuals and newborns, and assessing the progress of labor. They also might assist in the operating room during cesarean sections, administer medications, and provide emotional support.

What exactly does a labor and delivery nurse do? ›

Labor and delivery (L&D) nurses are licensed medical professionals who support obstetricians, midwives, expectant parents, and newborns. A labor and delivery nurse may administer medication, provide patient education, and monitor a patient's vital signs both during and after childbirth.

What is the difference between a labor and delivery nurse and an OB nurse? ›

OB nursing is broader than labor and delivery, caring for mothers throughout pregnancy, through labor, and after delivery (antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum care). While an OB nurse can assist with labor and delivery, their skills and training encompass a broader skill set.

Is labor and delivery nursing hard? ›

You may have to be part of some pretty sad situations.

You may have to help a mother through labor to deliver a child who was a victim of fetal demise. Being a labor and delivery nurse is not full of rainbows and unicorns. It is hard, and it is sad sometimes. It is not for everyone.

What is a typical day for a labor and delivery nurse? ›

Labor and delivery nurses typically work 12-hour long shifts. Three 12-hour shifts per week are common, allowing labor and delivery nurses to have sufficient time off during the week or to pick up overtime hours.

What nurse takes care of babies after birth? ›

A neonatal nurse is a nurse that works specifically with newborn babies typically in their first month of life. Most often, neonatal nurses work with infants who face specific challenges right after birth including birth defects, heart problems, prematurity, and more.

Why would someone want to be a labor and delivery nurse? ›

Labor and Delivery nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and well-being of both the mother and the newborn during this significant life event. If you are considering a career in nursing and have a passion for maternal and infant care, becoming a Labor & Delivery nurse could be an immensely fulfilling path.

How many patients do labor and delivery nurses have? ›

The recommended nurse-patient ratio in labor and delivery units is 1:1 or 1:2, meaning one nurse per one or two patients. This close attention is crucial during the vulnerable time of labor and delivery to monitor the patient and fetus, provide supportive care, and act quickly in case of complications.

Is a labor and delivery nurse the same as a postpartum nurse? ›

Labor and delivery nurses provide care to mothers during childbirth, monitoring them and the baby, assisting in labor pains, and preparing for emergencies. On the other hand, postpartum nurses focus on the mother's recovery after delivery.

Are there different types of labor and delivery nurses? ›

Circulating nurses: These nurses manage patient care in the operating room during c-sections. Scrub nurses: These labor and delivery nurses work directly with surgeons, assisting during c-section births. Postpartum nurses: These nurses care for mothers who have recently delivered.

What is the easiest nursing job? ›

8 Easiest Nursing Jobs
  • School Nurse. Average Annual Salary (April 2024): $51,500. ...
  • Nurse Educator. Average Annual Salary (April 2024): $84,000. ...
  • Primary Care Nurse. ...
  • Informatics Nurse. ...
  • Clinical Research Nurse. ...
  • Occupational Health Nurse. ...
  • Lactation Consultant Nurse. ...
  • Home Care Registered Nurse.

What is the hardest job in nursing? ›

Most stressful nursing specialties
  • Intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. The ICU is an extremely high-pressure environment. ...
  • Emergency room nurses. ER nurses face stress levels that are similar to what first responders experience. ...
  • Neonatal ICU nurses. ...
  • Operating room nurses. ...
  • Oncology nurses. ...
  • Psychiatric nurses.
Dec 1, 2023

Do L&D nurses assist in C sections? ›

L&D Nurses need to be ready for any change in birth plan so that they can effectively care for both mother and child. This means being prepared to assist in any kind of delivery—vagin*l, breech, or cesarean—troubleshoot complications, address emergency situations, and have everything set for care.

Do labor and delivery nurses start IVs? ›

Roles and responsibilities for labor and delivery nurses include: Administering IVs, medications, and epidurals.

How long does it take to labor and delivery nurse? ›

How long does it take to become a labor and delivery nurse? Typically, it takes 2-4 years, depending on whether you choose to pursue an associate's or bachelor's degree. After achieving this education, you usually need to work as registered nurse for at least a year to specialize in labor and delivery.

How long does it take to be a NICU nurse? ›

Many schools have rolling admissions, which means you can start your Nursing program in a few weeks! It takes 4-6 years to become a NICU nurse. Neonatal nurses need a college degree and a state-issued license. Certifications can help professionals qualify for more career opportunities.

What do labor contractions feel like? ›

Labor contractions usually cause discomfort or a dull ache in your back and lower abdomen, along with pressure in the pelvis. Contractions move in a wave-like motion from the top of the uterus to the bottom. Some women describe contractions as strong menstrual cramps.

What is maternity nursing? ›

What is a maternity nurse? A maternity nurse provides specialized medical care to a pregnant person and their newborn during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum.

What is an example of an abnormal delivery? ›

Examples of abnormal labour include slow or arrest in cervical dilatation, suspected foetal compromize, sepsis, failure of the presenting part to engage or descend in the pelvis, reduced frequency of uterine contractions, or incoordinate uterine activity.

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